Health Service

DEFINITIONS
Surveillance of malaria can be interpreted as a control carried out continuously and systematically on malaria distribution and the factors that cause pain as well as events related to the healthy and sick whose activities include; collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of data and is considered very useful for the prevention of disease effectively.
Surveillance of malaria is a special reporting system which was held to further strengthen efforts to prevent and control malaria.

USE SURVEILLANCE

1. Identification of Extraordinary Incident  to assurance of malaria prevention and control measures.
2. Evaluation of program implementation
3. Help setting priority health problems and target
4. Identification of high risk groups according to age, work address, etc. which health problems often occur.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Reports from health facilities: health centers, etc.
2. Community reports
3. Reports from the lab
4. Reports from field officers.

MALARIA SURVEILLANCE COMPONENTS
Data collection

• Compilation, analysis and interpretation of data
• Dissemination of results of analysis and interpretation

Compilation, Analysis, and Interpretation

• The data collected is compiled and analyzed on the basis of people, places and time in the form of text, tables, graphs, etc. map spot.
• The aim is to answer questions such as whether an increase in cases / outbreaks or the factors that influence that can be done quickly and appropriately

Data collection
Component is very important because the quality of information obtained largely determined the quality of data collected.

• Mortality registry
• Disease reports
• Reports laboratory results
• Survey results
• Observation vector / reservoir of disease
• Outbreak report / KLB

Dissemination of analysis results

• Result analysis and interpretation of data should be disseminated to the units concerned to be used for planning follow-up.
• Dissemination of information to the cross-sectoral, cross-program, the community and as a feed back to the units that send the report.
• This section is one of the most important components of the surveillance system because of this section is usually used for planning and decision-making public health programs.

KEY INDICATORS
Annual Parasite Incidence (API)
API = ΣKasus indergenous in a year x 1000
Total Population
Klasifikasi daerah endemis malaria ;

(Hight Case Incidence):> 1000 inhabitants

• MCI (Case Incidence Middle) API: 1 to 4.9 / 1000 population
• LCI (Low Case Incidence) AP: <1 / 1000 population
• Village HCI: If morbidity (API) per year in a village above 5 / 1000 population, as a performance indicator of malaria eradication efforts in the region as well, disuatu expansion of malaria transmission areas.

Monthly Parasite Incidence (MoPI)
1. Monthly malaria morbidity with the formula number of malaria cases per month divided by total population multiplied by 1000.
2. Used to determine the development of malaria cases per month.
Annual Blood Examination Rate (Aber)
1. Percentage of the population is taken and checked his blood supply in a year
2. Aber percentage to determine the scope of the population taken and checked his blood supply.
3. Coverage is considered good if Aber> 10%.
Slide Positive Rate (SPR)
a. is the percentage of the number of malaria positive blood supply from blood preparations examined. Used for:
b. Given the scale of infection rates in certain population groups.
c. And quality inspection in both the field and in the laboratory.
Error Rate
1. The ability to measure performance in the examination of microscopic blood supply.
2. Considered good if the value of error rate of <5%.

Baby Case

• Need to be assessed the possibility of cases of infants as an indicator that the local transmission place and tend to occur in the house since the baby will probably stay in the location.
• This is also a great indicator of transmission in a region.

Origin

• Stating whether the patients included in the transmission indegenous (local), relapse, or import case that comes from outside the region.
• This is useful for assessing the performance of the discovery of cases in the field as well as increased surveillance migration.

Falciparum ring and gametes

• s an indicator of performance of field officers in finding cases in the field.
• The discovery of high F.ring showed early discovery.
• The discovery indicates F.gamet eminence delay discovery in the field.
• If F.gamet> 30% activity in the field discovery of cases considered early (late).

Time lapse

• Time required from making the blood supply to receive radical treatment, with time still can be tolerated is <7 days.
• If the time lapse of more than 7 days is necessary to find the cause to remember when time lapse is too long, resulting in the transmission will be difficult to cut off the chain of transmission.
• This is very useful for the assessment kenerja officers in the field.

Mass Fever Survey (MFS)
Surveillance efforts (case finding) are active in the field by taking the blood supply patients with clinical symptoms of malaria, and then examined microscopically to be a radical treatment in order rantaipenularan termination.
Mass Blood Survey (MBS)

• Surveillance efforts (case finding) active in the field by taking the blood supply of all the mass population either with or without clinical symptoms of malaria, and then examined microscopically to be a radical treatment in order to break the transmission chain.
• This activity can criminalize malaria positive patients without symptoms (carrier).

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